~35 min read · updated 2026-05-16

Tenant, VRF, bridge domain, and EPG

The core ACI application model: tenant, VRF, bridge domain, subnet, application profile, and endpoint group.

Most ACI learning starts here. These objects form the basic application policy model.

The objects

ObjectSimple meaning
TenantA policy boundary for a customer, team, application, or environment
VRFA routing table
Bridge domainA layer-2 forwarding domain, usually with a subnet gateway
Application profileA container for EPGs that belong to an application
EPGA group of endpoints that share the same policy

An EPG is not simply a VLAN. It is a policy group. A VLAN can be one way to attach endpoints to an EPG, but the EPG is the thing APIC uses when applying contracts and endpoint policy.

A simple lab model

Create a tenant named lab-prod.

Inside it:

ObjectExample
VRFprod-vrf
Bridge domainprod-bd
Subnet10.10.10.1/24
Application profilethree-tier-app
EPGsweb, app, db

This gives you a clean three-tier application skeleton. You can then add contracts in the next module.

What to verify

After building the objects, check:

  • The bridge domain points to the right VRF.
  • The subnet is on the bridge domain, not randomly attached elsewhere.
  • Each EPG is under the expected application profile.
  • Each EPG is associated with the intended bridge domain.
  • APIC shows no obvious faults for missing relationships.

If the relationships feel verbose, that is normal. ACI makes implicit network assumptions explicit as policy objects.